The long term effects of low carb, higher fat diets have frequently been questioned but an eight year, randomised controlled study provides further evidence that low carb diets can be healthier than low fat ones for people with diabetes.

低碳水化合物高脂飲食的長(zhǎng)期效果常被質(zhì)疑，但一份為期8年的隨機(jī)對(duì)照試驗(yàn)進(jìn)一步證實(shí)，糖尿病患者采取低碳水化合物飲食比低脂飲食更健康。

The study, carried out by researchers at The Second University of Naples compared the effects of two calorie restricted diets on participants with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. In both diets, participants kept to a 1,500 calorie intake for women and 1,800 calories for men.

那不勒斯第二大學(xué)研究人員進(jìn)行該研究，比較新近確診的2型糖尿病患者采取兩種熱量限制飲食的效果。兩種飲食患者，女性熱量攝入保持1,500卡路里，男性保持1,800卡路里。

Participants following the low carb Mediterranean diet were instructed to include plenty of vegetables, choose whole grain versions of starchy foods, replace most red meat with poultry and fish, and have at least 30% of their calories from fat, particularly from olive oil. The low fat dieters had less detailed instructions but were required to limit fatty and sugary foods and limit intake of fat to less than 30% of calorie intake.

給予碳水化合物地中海飲食的受試者進(jìn)食足量蔬菜、全谷類淀粉食物，家禽和魚(yú)類替代紅肉，至少30%的卡路里來(lái)自脂肪，特別是來(lái)自橄欖油。低脂飲食者詳細(xì)指引較少，但要限制脂肪與含糖食物攝入，脂肪攝入少于30%的卡路里攝入。

The results showed that the higher fat group, the low carb Mediterranean dieters had better diabetes control shown by better HbA1c levels and much longer adherence to the diet.

結(jié)果表明，高脂組低碳水化合物地中海飲食者HbA1c水平控制較好，且堅(jiān)持飲食方案的更長(zhǎng)。

The researchers also looked at how long the participants were able to live without needing diabetes medication. All low fat participants required medication after 6.1 years whereas it took 8.1 years before all the Mediterranean dieters required medication.

研究也關(guān)注受試者多久才需要服用糖尿病藥物。所有低脂飲食受試者6.1年后需要服藥，而地中海飲食者8.1年后需要服藥。

In terms of remission, that is patients being able to come off medication, this was again significantly more likely in the low carb Mediterranean diet group. Within the first year, 15% of the low carb group experienced partial or complete remission with only 5% of the low fat group achieving the same effect. Over 6 years, 4% of the low carb group achieved remission whereas none of the low fat group did.

至于轉(zhuǎn)歸，低碳水化合物地中海飲食組脫離藥物的可能性更大。第1年低碳水化合物組15%部分或完全緩解，而低脂組僅5%。6年多后，低碳水化合物組4%緩解，而低脂組無(wú)緩解。

Whilst previous research from epidemiological has shown that Mediterranean diets appear to be healthier than low fat diets, this long term, randomised controlled study provides more reliable evidence.

先前流行病學(xué)研究已表明，地中海飲食可能比低脂飲食更健康，該長(zhǎng)期隨機(jī)對(duì)照試驗(yàn)提供了更可靠的證據(jù)。

Whilst the research did not attempt to explore why the Mediterranean diet is healthier, the lower level of carbohydrates is likely to be significant as is the fact that the Mediterranean dieters were actively encouraged to have higher intake of vegetables.

該研究不探討為什么地中海飲食更健康，低水平碳水化合物可能很重要，因?yàn)榈刂泻ｏ嬍痴叻e極鼓勵(lì)節(jié)食者攝入更多蔬菜。